杰斐逊民主（Jeffersonian democracy）以其倡导者托马斯·杰斐逊命名，是18世纪90年代至19世纪20年代美国两大主导政治观点和运动之一。杰斐逊主义者坚定地致力于美国共和主义，他们反对虚伪的所谓贵族政治，反对腐败，并坚持美德，优先考虑“自耕农”、“种植园主”和“普通百姓”。[1][2]他们对商人、银行家和实业家的贵族精英主义持敌对态度，不信任工厂工人，并强烈反对并警惕威斯敏斯特体系的支持者。
这一术语通常用于杰斐逊创立的民主共和党，以对抗亚历山大·汉密尔顿的联邦党。在杰斐逊时代初期，只有佛蒙特州和肯塔基州两个州通过废除财产资格制度确立了白人男性普选权。但到杰斐逊时代末期，超过半数的州已效仿此举，包括几乎所有旧西北地区的州。随后，各州开始允许白人男性普选总统选举，并以更现代的方式动员选民。杰斐逊的政党随后完全控制了政府机构——从州议会到市政厅，再到白宫。
杰斐逊民主作为民主党的一个元素一直延续到20世纪初，体现在杰克逊民主的兴起和威廉·詹宁斯·布莱恩的三次总统竞选中。
参考文献
- ^ Wood, The American Revolution, p. 100
- ^ Democratic-Republican Party. Encyclopædia Britannica. July 20, 1998 [August 30, 2017]. （原始内容存档于June 15, 2018）.
The Republicans contended that the Federalists harboured aristocratic attitudes and that their policies placed too much power in the central government and tended to benefit the affluent at the expense of the common man.
更多閱讀
- Banning, Lance. The Jeffersonian Persuasion: Evolution of a Party Ideology (1978) online
- Banning, Lance. "Jeffersonian Ideology Revisited: Liberal and Classical Ideas in the New American Republic," William and Mary Quarterly (1986) 43#1 pp. 3–19 in JSTOR
- Beard, Charles A. "Some Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy." American Historical Review 19#2 (1914): pp. 282–298; Summary of his famous book; in JSTOR （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Brown; Stuart Gerry. The First Republicans: Political Philosophy and Public Policy in the Party of Jefferson and Madison (1954) online （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- Cunningham, Noble E. The Jeffersonian Republicans in power; party operations, 1801–1809 (1963) online
- Elkins, Stanley M. and Eric L. McKitrick. The Age of Federalism: The Early American Republic, 1788–1800 (1995), the standard political history of the 1790s online
- Freeman, Joanne B. et al eds. Jeffersonians in Power : The Rhetoric of Opposition Meets the Realities of Governing (University of Virginia Press, 2019)
- Hendrickson, David C. and Robert W. Tucker. Empire of Liberty: the statecraft of Thomas Jefferson (1990); His foreign policy
- Jefferson, Thomas. "The Jeffersonian cyclopedia: a ...". topical compendium of Jefferson's statements and quotes
- Jenkinson, Clay S. Becoming Jefferson's People: Re-Inventing the American Republic in the Twenty-First Century. Reno: Marmouth Press, 2004
- McCoy? Drew R. The elusive Republic : political economy in Jeffersonian America (1982) online
- Onuf, Peter, ed. Jeffersonian legacies (1993) online
- Parrington, Vernon. Main Currents in American Thought (1927) v 2 online
- Pasley, Jeff. The Tyranny of Printers. The Tyranny of Printers : Jeffrey L. Pasley ISBN 978-0813921778
- Peterson, Merrill D. The Jefferson Image in the American Mind (1960)
- Robinson, William A. Jeffersonian democracy in New England (Yale U.P. 1916) online
- Taylor, Jeff. Where Did the Party Go?: William Jennings Bryan, Hubert Humphrey, and the Jeffersonian Legacy (2006).
- White, Leonard. The Jeffersonians, 1801–1829: A Study in Administrative History (1951) comprehensive coverage of all cabinet and federal executive agencies and their main activities. online
- Wilentz, Sean. The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln (2005), comprehensive political history, 1800–1865.
- Wilentz, Sean. "Jeffersonian democracy and the origins of political antislavery in the United States: The Missouri crisis revisited." Journal of the Historical Society 4#3 (2004): pp. 375–401.
- Wiltse, Charles Maurice. The Jeffersonian Tradition in American Democracy (1935) online
- Wiltse, Charles M. "Jeffersonian Democracy: a Dual Tradition." American Political Science Review (1934) 28#05 pp. 838–851. in JSTOR
- Wood, Gordon S. The American Revolution: A History. New York: The Modern Library, 2002.
- ––––. Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789–1815. Oxford University Press, 2009.
- Wright, Benjamin F. "The Philosopher of Jeffersonian Democracy." American Political Science Review 22#4 (1928): pp. 870–892. in JSTOR （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）