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“歼-XX” (沈阳飞机工业集团设计的第六代战斗机) | |
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概觀 | |
類型 | 第六代战斗机 技术验证机或原型试飞机 |
首飛 | 2024年12月22日 |
設計 | 沈阳飞机设计研究所(601所) |
生產 | 沈阳飞机工业集团 |
產量 | 1架已证实 |
現況 | 试飞中 |
技术数据 | |
發動機 | 未知型号涡扇发动机x2 |
2024年12月22日,一张据信为使用手机拍摄于辽宁省沈阳市的照片在网络上开始流传,其内容是推定由沈阳飞机工业集团设计,疑似为采用兰姆达翼(英語:Lambda Wing)、双引擎设计的某型第六代战斗机在空中进行试验飞行。[1]
发展历史
[编辑]据报道与情报分析显示,沈阳飞机工业集团于2018年启动了下一代战机的原型机研发工作。[2]多方情报与传闻指出,中国新型战机将采用无尾飞翼或飞箭式气动布局,相较于前代战机具有更优异的宽频隐身性能,同时融合新型推进技术、升级版传感器系统,具备与无人僚机或无人作战飞机(UCAV)协同作战能力。[3]
2022年9月,美国空军空战司令部(ACC)司令马克·D·凯利上将表示,中国第六代战机研发进展符合预期。他认为中方与美国类似采用“系统之系统”设计理念,通过体系化整合实现隐身性能的指数级提升,并在运算能力与态势感知领域取得突破性进步。[2][4]
2024年12月26日,一架疑似中国六代机项目的新型沈飞原型机在其厂区附近被发现。同期,其兄弟单位成都飞机工业集团的歼-36战机也现身测试。[5]未经验证的消息称该沈飞原型机已于12月20日完成首飞,目测体积小于成飞的机型,并由一架歼-16战斗机担任伴飞任务。[6][7][8]
后续于2025年1月[9]和4月[10]披露的新影像资料确认了多项关键设计特征:采用兰姆达机翼构型、可偏转翼梢装置、配备矢量喷口的双发布局,同时否定了此前关于折叠尾翼的猜测。[10][11]值得注意的是,12月影像中驾驶舱盖不可见,引发关于该机是否采用无人驾驶[5]、有人驾驶[9][8]或可选有人/无人模式的广泛讨论[6][12] ,后续照片最终证实其确为有人驾驶机型。[13][14]
设计
[编辑]该原型机采用曲箭式气动布局,配以大后掠角兰姆达主翼、全动翼尖兼具气动控制功能。[9]兰姆达翼型通过三角形后缘延伸段与发动机舱末端融合,较传统梯形翼显著提升展弦比与气动效率。[6][10]每侧机翼配备差动前缘延伸(LRX)及多组后缘控制面。机头配置宽大雷达罩,由显著棱线分割。上方流线型气泡座舱与机身完美融合。机鼻下方安装光电瞄准系统(EOTS),其后衔接两具V形腹部进气道,采用无附面层隔道超音速进气(DSI)设计。尾部双发舱配备推力矢量喷口。[14][15][6][16][12]起落架采用前双轮、后单轮的三点式布局。机身可见两具腹部武器舱,中轴线处设有凹陷通道。两侧面板疑似武器舱或检修口。[10][11][17]中型尺寸设计被推测更适合航母搭载需求。[18]
参见
[编辑]参考来源
[编辑]- ^ Clash Report. It appears China recently tested not one, but TWO 6th generation fighter jet prototypes.. X. 2024-12-26 [2024-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2024-12-27) (英语).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 Newdick, Thomas. China Is Working On Its Own Sixth-Generation Fighter Program: Official. The War Zone. 28 September 2022 [27 December 2024]. (原始内容存档于26 December 2024).
- ^ Joe, Rick. China's 6th Generation and Upcoming Combat Aircraft: 2024 Update. The Diplomat. 11 June 2024 [27 December 2024]. (原始内容存档于11 June 2024).
- ^ Arthur, Gordon. When will China have a sixth-gen fighter jet?. Defense News. 24 June 2024.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Sweetman, Bill. Boxing clever? China's next-gen tailless combat aircraft analysed. Royal Aeronautical Society. 27 December 2024 [29 December 2024]. (原始内容存档于29 December 2024).
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Newdick, Thomas. Yes, China Just Flew Another Tailless Next-Generation Stealth Combat Aircraft. The War Zone. 2024-12-26 [2024-12-27]. (原始内容存档于26 December 2024) (美国英语).
- ^ China Revealed Two New Stealth Fighter Designs In One Momentous Day. Forbes.
- ^ 8.0 8.1 D'Urso, Stefano. Second New Chinese Stealth Jet Emerges in the Same Day. The Aviationist. 27 December 2024.
- ^ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Newdick, Thomas; Rogoway, Tyler. China’s Mysterious Tailless Stealth Fighter Has Swiveling Wingtips. The War Zone (Recurrent Ventures). 27 January 2025 [28 January 2025].
- ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 D'Urso, Stefano. New Images Give Clearest Look at Shenyang’s New Fighter. The Aviationist. 4 April 2025.
- ^ 11.0 11.1 Rogoway, Tyler. China’s ‘J-50’ Tailless Stealth Fighter Seen In New Imagery. The War Zone. 4 April 2025.
- ^ 12.0 12.1 Kadidal, Akhil. New imagery reveals additional details of China's tailless aircraft. Janes. 8 April 2025.
...One of the photographs shows the lower port side view of the aircraft, revealing the aircraft's landing gear and showing its engine intakes and lambda-shaped wing in greater detail as well. Also visible is the aircraft's control surfaces, including its actuated, droop-down adaptive wingtips. This was the first known reappearance of the J-XD in the air since the type was spotted conducting a test flight over Shenyang city on 22 December 2024. A second photograph of the aircraft shows that, unusually, only the adaptive wingtip on the starboard wing was lowered as the J-XD flew at low altitude along a glide path towards a runway. This indicates that the wingtips can be lowered independently of each other. The wingtips are likely an additional control surface to improve manoeuvrability at low speeds, Janes assesses. The aircraft also appears to have lengthy differential leading-edge extensions (LEXs). The angle of the aircraft in the photographs, however, hinders Janes from assessing if the aircraft has upper surface spoilers or pitch, and yaw thrust vectoring controls.
- ^ Cenciotti, David. New Side Image of China’s Next Gen J-XDS Stealth Jet Surfaces, Confirms Canopy Design. The Aviationist. 16 April 2025.
- ^ 14.0 14.1 Rogoway, Tyler. Canopy Seen Clearly On China’s Next Gen Tailless Stealth Fighter For First Time. The War Zone. 16 April 2025.
- ^ 引用错误:没有为名为
janes
的参考文献提供内容 - ^ New Chinese Advanced Combat Aircraft Emerge In Flight. Aviation Week. 26 December 2024 [27 December 2024]. (原始内容存档于27 December 2024).
- ^ Trevithick, Joseph. New Views Of China’s Next Generation Fighters. The War Zone. 23 April 2025.
- ^ Wangin, Amber; Zhuang, Sylvie. Why do China's sixth-gen stealth fighters have different designs?. South China Morning Post. 7 January 2025.